Control Plane Policing (CoPP)
Control Plane Policing or CoPP is a feature that allows the filtering and rate limiting of control plane traffic, that is, traffic that is generated by the router, as well as traffic that is destined to the router. This can be done for traffic from or destined to the control plane.
Access-List (ACL)s will only filter transient traffic.
Links
https://networklessons.com/cisco/ccie-routing-switching-written/copp-control-plane-policing